How to Pass objects between Activities in Android

How to Flash Stock Rom in your Lenovo A369i

Video tutorial: WATCH

This is a tutorial on how to install stock ROM using SP Flash tool. It can be used to fix your device usually when the phone won't boot properly or when you want to upgrade/downgrade your firmware. SP Flash tool is a PC software that can restore all partitions in your Android device like recovery, boot, system and such. Another good thing about it is that you can you restore even a bricked (won't turn on at all) device. I will, however, give no guarantee as this is just based on my own experience. Before doing tutorial I would also like to tell you that I will not be responsible if anything bad happens to your Android device through this guide. :)

Firmware download links

Here are the download links for the firmware versions of Lenovo A369i. SP Flash Tool and the drivers comes with each of them but if you like to download them without the firmware, I have also provided a download link for both.

A369i_ROW_S108_130929

A369i_ROW_S110_140108

A369i_ROW_S111_140522

A369i_ROW_S201_140610 (You will need a NeedROM account)

A369i_ROW_Lite_S005_140823 (You will need a NeedROM account)

Alternative version for SP Flash Tool, you don't need this if the the flash tool bundled in the firmware is working fine.

SP Flash Tool v5.1352

Before we use SP Flash tool, we must first install the drivers for it to detect your device.

Installing drivers

1. Launch Device Manager on your PC. You can do this by typing "device manager" on your PC's search textbox or in Control Panel→Hardware and Sound→Device and Printers then click Device Manager.

2. In Device Manager, add a legacy hardware. Do this by clicking Action then Add legacy hardware or right-clicking the -PC then click Add legacy hardware there. Add Hardware Wizard will pop up, click Next.

3. Choose "Install the hardware that I manually select from a list (Advanced)" then click Next. Wizard will ask you what the category of hardware you will install, make sure Show All Devices is selected then click Next.

4. Wizard will now ask you to select the manufacturer and model of your hardware device. Click Have Disk, then click Browse. Select usb2ser_Win764.inf from the files you have downloaded then click Open. Click OK, the select MediaTek DA USB VCOM Port.

5. Click Next, then Next again to start installing the drivers. Once finished, click Finish.

6. You know have to repeat steps 2 to 3 but you have install MediaTek PreLoader USB VCOM Port instead of MediaTek DA VCOM Port.

Flashing through SP Flash tool

1. Run Flash_tool.exe then in Download tab, click Scatter loading. Windows will ask you to select the scatter file. Select the MT6572_Android_scatter.txt which will be on the folder where files like boot.img and system.img are stored. Click open and wait for scatter file to finish loading (older versions of SP Flash tool do not load the scatter file).

2. Click Download and wait for the partitions to finish loading. Once their finished, turn off your device and remove battery. Connect the device to the PC and SP Flash tool should start installing. Wait for SP Flash tool to finish installing.

3. Once SP Flash tool is done flashing, a green circle or a green check mark should appear. If they come in a different color, you will have to repeat the flashing process. You can now disconnect your device and put the battery.

4. Turn on your device. First boot usually lasts 5 minutes or greater.

5. Once your device finishes booting, flashing process is successful. You can now use your device.

In case you run into any errors while using SP Flash Tool, please take note of the error message then refer to these forums for more information:

https://forum.hovatek.com/thread-439.html

http://bbs.elephone.hk/thread-2720-1-1.html#.Vvfs-nWcF0s

http://forum.gsmhosting.com/vbb/f781/sptool-flasher-problems-error-solution-all-one-place-1889647/

how to flash Cherry Mobile Omega HD 3 stock rom via PAC file

Part One: Installing drivers
1. Extract the driver file.
2. Run dpinst.exe . Note that "x86" folder is for 32-bit computer while "amd64" is for 64-bit computer
3. We have to verify if the driver is installed, right-click on My Computer(WinXP)/Computer(Win7)/This PC(Win8) then Manage>Device Manager
4. Turn off your phone and remove the battery then insert back the battery again.
5. We have to first detect the phone to PC if its driver is working. Plug in the micro USB cord to your phone first but don't connect the USB cord to PC itself.
6. Timing is important! Hold volume down then immediately plug in the USB cord to your PC.
7. A poped-up notification appear to show if the drivers are successfully installed.
8. You may now remove the USB cord to the PC if success but don't remove yet the micro USB cord to your phone.
9. Now, we are ready to use Research Download!
Part Two: Using Research Download
1. Extract Research Download file
2. Extract your downloaded stock ROM file
3. Run ResearchDownload.exe
4. Click the first gear button. This will open up a browse menu. Use this to locate your .PAC file then click "Open" button.
5. Once the PAC file is loaded click play button .
6.Connect your Omega HD3 (while holding volume down)
7.You should see in research download that it has started flashing! (you can let go of the volume key now). When it is finished just press the stop button and disconnect your phone!
Additional:
* After the first boot of your phone, your current internal storage is xxxGB. Before doing anything else like rooting, installing or flashing recoveries, go to Settings>Factory data reset>Factory data reset then tap Reset Phone then tap Erase everything. Your phone will reboot to recovery. Wait for erasing and it reboot automatically. After that, your internal storage restore to its default size

Links:
Final Firmware For Omega HD 3  V1 By Team YuniX [MIUI Recovery Recomended] If You are Using this Firmware, Don’t Use The Firmware Below Thanks :D
[Click me!##download##]

Final Firmware For Omega HD 3 By Team YuniX [TWRP Recovery For V1 Users]

[Click me!##download##]

Spreadtrum Drivers

[Click me!##download##]

Research Download

[Click me!##download##]

ATTENTION!! THIS IS REQUIRED!!!

Download the MIUI Recovery PAC File and Flash it also after Flashing this Firmware and “ Boot to MIUI Recovery do a Wipe/Factory Reset” done :) Your Internal Storage is now Fixed :D

[Click me!##download##]

How To Root Infinix Hot 4 Using TWRP Recovery Mode In SP Flash Tools

As I use to say that sweet Android phone without root access and custom recovery installed is not yet a complete Android device for those who knows and enjoy the benefit of rooted and installed custom recovery mode but its unfortunate kingroot one click apk app is unable to get Hot 4 rooted but all hopes shouldnt be lost because in this article, I'll be showing us how to Root and also install TWRP Recovery on Infinix Hot 4 Android using Sp flash tools, so ensure you follow each steps carefully to root your Infinix Hot 4 using TWRP recovery.

NOTE:We will be installing TWRP Recovery for Infinix Hot 4 and then use it to root Infinix Hot 4 afterwards. Lets Start...

REQUIREMENTS

• PC/Laptop Running Windows.
• Working USB Cable
• SP Flash Tool. Download Here.
• ADB VCOM Drivers (normally I use PDAnet). Go here to learn how to install Mediatek Vcom Drivers to your PC
• Infinix Hot 4 TWRP Recovery image. Download Here
• SuperUser v2.66.zip. Download Here

HOW TO INSTALL TWRP RECOVERY ON INFINIX HOT 4
Step 1: First download twrp recovery zip file for Infinix Hot 4 from given link, and then extract the “Recovery.img MT6580_Android_Scatter.txt” file to another folder in your PC desktop screen

Step 2: Now, power off your Infinix Hot 4, its time to install TWRP recovery for Infinix Hot 4
Step 3: Next, download the SP Flash tool, and extract its files to another folder your computer. You should get the following files as seen below, after extraction.
Step 4: From the extracted files, open "Flash_tool.exe"
Step 5: Once the flash tool is launched, then click on the download/upgrade tab and click on scatter loading button.
Step 6: Now, locate the “MT6580_Android_Scatter.txt” file, which is on your desktop.
Step 7: After that, click download to begin flashing process.
Step 8: Immediately, connect your switched-off Infinix Hot 4  to your computer via USB cable
Step 9: The Flashing process would be in progress, and a Green button would appear once the process is completed.

That’s it. TWRP Recovery is now succesfully installed on your Infinix Hot 4.
To boot to recovery mode, simply press and hold Volume up button + press Power button. Now let's move to the next phase on how to root Infinix Hot 4

HOW TO ROOT Infinix Hot 4 x557
Granted you have successfully installed TWRP Recovery after going through the detailed instruction on how to install Recovery image via Sp flashtools to your Infinix Hot 4, now do the following:

1. Boot your Infinix Hot 4 phone into TWRP recovery mode (by Holding the Vol. Up + Power button at the same time for 5 seconds).
2. In TWRP recovery mode, Choose "Install zip". 
3. Then navigate to the location you placed SuperUser v2.66.zip file and proceed to install
4. After installing SuperUser.zip, reboot your phone

That's it, you have successfully rooted your Infinix Hot 4 Android smartphone. To verify if its properly rooted, goto Google playstore and download "Root Checker.apk" to verify.

How To Root Any Android Device Without Internet Connection Using VRoot

Welcome to 24wikis today we are going to discusse about rooting android phone without internetion connetion, everyone, we all know that there are so many methods to root Android phones within a minutes.



So today, i will show you how to root your Android phone without an internet connection, the easiest way using an improved PC software (vROOT) that makes the rooting of any android phone and devices seem so easy and effortless. I have personally tried it on several android operating System (OS) including;

==============================

• 2.2 (Froyo)
• 2.3 (Gingerbread)
• 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich) and
• 4.2 (Jelly Bean)
• MTK Devices

So far, the devices i have used this method to root at ease without the need of internet connection includes:

==============================

• HTC
• Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 (GT-N8000)
• Gionee Pioneer P1
• Huawei U8180
• Sony Ericsson Xperia Active ST17i
• Tecno Tab and
• Samsung Galaxy Note 3

==============================
HOW TO ROOT USING VOOT METHOD
==============================
WHAT IS NEEDED?

1. A working Windows PC
2. Working USB cable
3. USB drivers of your phone or device installed on the pc. In case you don't have your phone drivers, you can get it from below.
4. Your phone battery should be atleast 50% - 100%

==============================
PROCEDURES:
==============================

1. Download and install the VRoot software (English Version)
2. Enable USB debugging by going to ==> Settings ==>Developer options.
3. Launch the vROOT software from your start menu or desktop
4. Connect your phone or device to the computer using the USB cable that came with it. (Drivers must be properly installed for your phone to be detected)
5. Allow vROOT to detect and display the model of your phone  (accept any USB debugging prompt)
6. Tap the green “Root” button to root your phone or device
7. The device will be rebooted and confirmed rooted by the vroot software.

==============================
USB DRIVERS FOR DIFFERENT DEVICE
==============================

• For Samsung USB drivers here or install Kies instead
• For HTC USB drivers here
• For Gionee USB drivers here
• For Huawei USB drivers here
• For ZTE USB drivers here
• For Infinix USB drivers here or use the adbdriver.com to detect automatically
• For LG Android USB drivers here
• For Tecno Android USB drivers use same as Gionee above or here to download a universal one.

==============================
Please If This Was Helpful To You, Don't Forget To Hit The Share Button. Aslo If You Have Any Qestion, Ask Via The Comment Box Below. ThanKs...

How to backup/extract your android phone firmware

Android Backup

Recently, someone asked me how he could backup his android phone's Rom manually via cmd; it should be all over the internet I said to myself.
Today, I'm posting it here again for easy access.

There are too many reasons why you would want to backup your Android device. It could be for backup purpose, just incase something goes wrong, or to restore in another compatible device, for further modification/development, and on.

To go about this.
- Make sure ADB is properly installed
- Ensure to install your device drivers
- Ensure your device has root access
- You'll need a functional brain too ;)

Now, to the real deal!

Run CMD and point to the folder where you have your ADB files (Windows: Right-click on the folder while holding SHIFT button,  select Open command window here)

Connect your device via a usb cable

Type the following commands:

adb devices (click enter)
adb shell (click enter)
su (click enter)
cat /proc/mtd

The above command will list your device's partition.
Example:

dev: size erasesize name
mtd0: 00040000 00020000 "misc"
mtd1: 00500000 00020000 "recovery"
mtd2: 00280000 00020000 "boot"
mtd3: 04380000 00020000 "system"
mtd4: 04380000 00020000 "cache"
mtd5: 04ac0000 00020000 "userdata"

Take note of the partitions you wish to backup. For instance, if it's system partition:
Type:

cat /dev/mtd/mtd3 > /sdcard/system.img

It will be backed up to your SDcard root as system.img.

The important partitions to backup include: boot, recovery, and system. This will give your device a clean Rom if restored; with your installed apps intact but without any data.

This is where the functional brain comes to play... ;)

Please leave your comments below if you experience any issues..

How to Download Images From Instagram

Now you Can Download Instagram Images Directly to your Computer.

Watch Video For Instructions

Download

[ Solved ] How To Remove Shortcut Virus From Pendrive, Hard disk, Memory Cards

           
 Many of you Will be Victims of Shortcut Virus that has Been infecting your Pen drives, Memory cards, Hard Disks etc and bothered about removing it. If you are Searching For Solution you are at write Place.

Requirements :-

1. Laptop or PC
2. Infected Removal Disks with Shortcut Virus ( Pen drives, Memory cards, Hard Disks etc )
3. Download USBfiX Free Software From Here


Caution : Save your Incomplete Works Before Perfoming Below Method

Method :-

1. Install UsbFix.exe Downloaded From Above link
2. Launch the UsbFix from Desktop Shortcut if it is not started automatically

3. After Program has launched as in above Image, Just Click on Clean Option and wait. You may not  use your desktop while your USB Device us at Disinfection.

4. After Disinfection Procedure Click on Vaccinate to Prevent Future Infections From Shortcut Virus.

Watch Below Video Tutorial  For Detailed Explanation

How To Use 2 Numbers of WhatsApp In One Device

Now You Can Use two whatsApp Numbers in one Device

Requirements:
- Android Mobile 2.3+
- File Explorer { Es File Explorer Recommended }
- OGWhatsApp
- Official WhatsApp
- Little Brain

Procedure:
- First Backup your messages from existing  WhatsApp Account (In case you want the messages)
- Uninstall your WhatsApp From your Device
- Open your File Explorer see for 'WhatsApp' Folder and Rename it to 'OGWhatsApp'
- DownLoad and install OGWhatsApp Form HERE
- Launch OGWhatsApp and Login with Your Existing WhatsApp Number
- Next Install Official WhatsApp From Play Store And Login With Your Second Number
- Hope you understood.
- Share This Trick With your Friends And Enjoy 

What is CWM (ClockWorkMode) in Android

CWM (ClockWorkMod) Recovery in Android OS. 

What is CWM Recovery ?smartphone recovery

CWM (ClockWorkMod) Recovery is a Custom Recovery for Android tablets and smartphones to allow user to Backup/Install and restore ROM,gain root access,kernels & mods ,backup full device data. CWM work as  alternative to Stock Recovery . CWM was built by Koushik Dutta (Koush) a well named developer in Android world. Somehow CWM work better than Stock Recovery  as its have better and more option which we do not have in Stock Recovery.

 Different Android devices have different method to install CWM but the common and easy way to install CWM over Stock Recovery is ROM Manager . Rom Manager is an app which available on Google Playstore. 

Note:- Make a deep search before installing CWM on your android device. Make sure every thing work perfect. 

Rom Manager 

You may also like to read :

Android System Recovery
CWM Recovery for Rockchip tablets
What is a difference between Stock and Custom Firmware .

Android System Recovery .

An Overview on Android System Recovery 

Guide for Beginners. 

smartphone recovery

 

What is Android System Recovery ?

There are many kinds of Recovery Systems in Android .(i.e CWM,TWRP,PHILZ etc).  We will discuss about Stock recovery in this post. Stock recovery or recovery in Android OS is an environment which allow you use several important options on Android Device such as Android Tablets and Smartphones. Whenever you want, you can replace stock recovery with Custom recovery like CWM, TWRP Recovery. 

You can apply updates , wipe cache data, or perform factory data reset . Its a different combination of buttons on different android devices. Some devices allow to enter in recovery mode with buttons but some do not. 

How to Use Options in Android System Recovery ?

Reboot System Now.

This option use to reboot your smartphones and tablets into normal condition. 

Apply Update from external Storage .

Apply update allow you to install updates on your android devices with help of ADB. 

Wipe data / Factory reset . 

Wipe data /Factory reset also called a  hard reset . When you restore your Android device to state when it  left the factory or first time the Smartphones or Tablets turns on . Hard Reset erase all user setting,contents (i.e games,contacts,messages,apps preference setting ,bookmarks,third party apps as well .) So if you're enough lucky then you can make  backup of all your data before hard reset .In most cases user data lost. Different Android Devices have different method for Hard Reset. 

Wipe cache partition.

This option allow you to wipe cache .  This option use to fix the boot loop in android. 

You may also like to read What is Rooting in Android System

How to Disassemble the unknown tablet which does not have screws.

Tutorial 
How to Disassemble / Open Wondermedia Tablets.
How to Disassemble the unknown tablet which does not  have screws. 

Step by Step Guide.

Wm8650 Tablet

Mostly wondermedia tablets came with hidden screws. The one I am using for this tutorial same tablet with hidden screws. Many days I wonder how to open it , sometimes try to simply take off back cover of tablet but it was very hard. Then I  searched a lot almost a whole day to find out how to disassemble this Wondermedia tablet. I  found this tablet have four screw under the Front tape . A thick sticker is place on mostly wondermedia tablet ,look like touch glass. 

1. You need tweezer (mobile opener). 

tweezer to lift up touch screen hard tape

2. Lift up corner's tape one by one carefully .

Lift Up Touch Tape Wm8650

3. Open Four Screw as mentioned in Photo.

Hidden screws Inside tape

4. Use tweezer again to lift up front panel side by side. 

Open Plastic Locks side by side wm8650

5. Front panel and back cover will be separate after open plastic locks with tweezer. 

inside wm8650 Wondermedia Tablet

6. Now Find Chipset or Board Id to find the generic Firmware. There are four more screws . Open up carefully . You will see chipset on other side tagged WonderMedia. 

inside Wondermedia tablets

Wondermedia Wm8650 Chip

Note: I do not take any responsibility of damages. If you don't panic then everything will be  fine. Do it your own risk. 

Salahuddin Ayubi Said , "Take a risk in life , if you fail , you will guide. If you succeed you will lead "

[ How To ] Hacking And Bypassing Android Password / Pattern / Face / PI

Credits: This Article Credit goes to XDA Developers http://forum.xda-developers.com
              I am just posting this here for you
This Is For Educational Purposes Only
You Shall Not Use This On Other People Phones Without Permission Under Any Circumstances
I'm Not Responsible For Any Eventual Errors And Misbehaving Of Your Devices
Files And Tutorials Are Used And Partially Created According My Expirience And Also Collected From Internet & XDA Forums
All Regards Are Going To Their Authors


Requirements:
The Device Needs To Have Usb Debugging Enabled
In Case Usb Debugging Isn't Enabled And You Have Recovery,you Can Run The Same Instructions From Recovery
For Some Methods Root Is Not Required (Though It Will Be Better If Device Is Rooted)


If None Of This Methods Works For You - Unfortunally You Probably Must Full Wipe Your Device
METHOD I

Solution For Everyone With Recovery (Cwm, Twrp, Xrec,Etc...) Installed:

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Download this zip Pattern Password Disable (Download from attachments) on to your sdcard (using your PC, as you cant get into your phone, right )
2. Insert the sdcard into your phone
3. Reboot into recovery mode
4. Flash the zip
5. Reboot
6. Done!

Note : If You See The Gesture Pattern Grid Or Password After Restarting, Don't Worry. Just Try Any Random Pattern Or Password And it Should Unlock.





METHOD 2
Solution For Everyone Without Recovery Installed - ADB :

What You Need:
=>A computer running a Linux distro or Windows+Cygwin
=>USB cable to connect your phone to the PC
=>Adb installed

How to install adb:
1. Open Terminal
2. Type:

Code:

sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb

Hit [Enter]
3. Follow the instructions until everything is installed.

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Connect you (turned on) Phone to the Computer via USB.
2. Open a terminal window.
3. Type:

Code:

adb devices
adb shell
cd data/system
su
rm *.key

4. Done...Now You Just Have To Reboot.

Note : If You See The Gesture Pattern Grid Or Password After Restarting, Don't Worry. Just Try Any Random Pattern Or Password And it Should Unlock.





METHOD 3
Solution For Everyone Before Lock Accident :

SMS Bypass - Download Link - Install It On Your Device (Download from attachments)
This App Allows You To Remotely Bypass Your Phone's Screen Lock By Sending A SMS.
It Removes Your Gesture Pattern Or Password After Receiving A Preset Keyword Along With A Secret Code Via SMS.
SMS Bypass App Requires Root.

INSTRUCTIONS:
1.First, make sure you give permanent root access to the app.
2.Change the secret code to your preferred choice. The default password is : 1234
3.To reset your screen lock, send the following message from another phone:

Code:

secret_code reset

Example:

Code:

1234 reset

Note 1 : There is a space between your secret code and reset. Also the secret code is case sensitive.
Note 2 : There is an option available to change the preset keyword. Default is : reset - Your phone will restart and your lock screen will be reset.
Note 3 : If You See The Gesture Pattern Grid Or Password After Restarting, Don't Worry. Just Try Any Random Pattern Or Password And it Should Unlock.





METHOD 4
Solution For Everyone Via Adb - SQL Command :

INSTRUCTIONS:
=>Type This Commands Separated In Your Terminal (CMD Prompt) :

Code:

adb shell
cd /data/data/com.android.providers.settings/databases
sqlite3 settings.db
update system set value=0 where name='lock_pattern_autolock';
update system set value=0 where name='lockscreen.lockedoutpermanently';
.quit

=>Now You Just Have To Reboot.

Note : If You See The Gesture Pattern Grid Or Password After Restarting, Don't Worry. Just Try Any Random Pattern Or Password And it Should Unlock.





METHOD 5
Solution For Everyone Via Adb - File Removal :

INSTRUCTIONS:
=>Type This Command In Your Terminal (CMD Prompt) :

Code:

adb shell rm /data/system/gesture.key

Note : If You See The Gesture Pattern Grid Or Password After Restarting, Don't Worry. Just Try Any Random Pattern Or Password And it Should Unlock.





METHOD 6
Solution For Everyone With USB Debugging Enabled :

INSTRUCTIONS:

Primary Step for all method:

1. Download & Extract to anywhere - Bypass Security Hack (Download from attachments)
2. Open SQLite Database Browser 2.0.exe in SQLite Database Browser.
3. Run pull settings.db.cmd inside By-pass security Hacks folder to pull out the setting file out of your phone.
4. Drag settings.db and drop to SQLite Database Browser 2.0.exe program.
5. Navigate to Browse data tab, At table there, click to list down the selection & selete secure

Instruction To Remove Pattern Lock:

1. Now, find lock_pattern_autolock, Delete Record
2. Close & save database
3. Run push settings.db.cmd and reboot your phone

Instruction To Remove PIN Lock:

1. Now, Find Or Create lockscreen.password_type, double-click & change it's value to 65536, Apply changes!
2. Now, find lock_pattern_autolock, Delete Record, If doesn't exist, Ignore
3. Close & save database
4. Run push settings.db.cmd and reboot your phone

Instruction To Remove Password Lock:

1. Now, find lockscreen.password_salt, Delete Record
2. Now, find lockscreen.password_type, Delete Record
3. Close & save database
4. Run push settings.db.cmd and reboot your phone

Note : If You See The Gesture Pattern Grid Or Password After Restarting, Don't Worry. Just Try Any Random Pattern Or Password And it Should Unlock.






METHOD 7
Solution For Everyone With Recovery Installed :

INSTRUCTIONS:

1.Download and Copy Aroma File manager.zip (Download from attachments) to your memory card.

2. Open your recovery (press volume Down + Power button or it can be different according to the phones. Generally the phones who have press able button on the middle they have to press all three buttons. Google for you pattern there are lots)

3. There’ll b an option in recovery called “mount”. Go in that option and then mount all the cache and everything it is there.

4. Then select “update” and select “apply update from SD/external” and select aroma file manger.zip file that you downloaded using above QR code above.

5. After Flashing or updating, the aroma file manger will open. Use volume keys for up/down and power button 2 select like you use to get into recovery.

6. In aroma File manager , Go to menu , which is located in bottom strip and then select Settings.

7. Go to bottom n select “mount all partition in startup ” then exit from aroma file manger.

8. Now after exit , re-update that aroma file again and it will open again.

9. Go to data >> and then System.
Then find ‘gesture.key’ (for pattern lock) and ’password.key’ (for password lock) then long touch on gesture.key or password.key and sum option will be prompted , choose delete and delete that file and restart.

Note : If You See The Gesture Pattern Grid Or Password After Restarting, Don't Worry. Just Try Any Random Pattern Or Password And it Should Unlock.

ATTACHMENTS

Pattern-Password-disable.zip   

SMSBypass.apk 

By-pass security Hacks.7z

aromafilemanager.zip